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impetus
 

Twenty-five years of annual Plasmodium falciparum EIR and PR surveys in Africa (1980-2004)

  • Raw data: colon separated values (ASCII file)

    • CountrySiteLatitudeLongitudeLand-useAPfEIRPRRefs
    Benin Cotonou-Centre 6.35 2.43 U 29.06 NA 1
    Benin Ganvié 6.47 2.42 PU 11.00 NA 2
    Benin Gbégamé 6.36 2.45 U 33.00 NA 3
    Benin Ladji 6.38 2.43 U 58.00 NA 3
    Benin Near Lake Nokoué 6.42 2.42 U 10.80 NA 4
    Benin Sainte-Rita Norde 6.37 2.42 U 47.00 NA 3
    Burkina Faso Barkoundouba 12.67 -1.23 R2 111.35 NA 6
    Burkina Faso Bama 11.38 -4.42 R2 175.20 NA 5
    Burkina Faso Gounghin Nord 12.37 -1.55 U 0.00 0.113 10,11
    Burkina Faso Koubri 12.15 -1.38 R2 441.60 0.949 10,11
    Burkina Faso Ouagadougou, Kologh Naba suburb 12.39 -1.54 U 1.47 0.221 10,11
    Burkina Faso Ouagadougou, Nongremassen suburb 12.40 -1.51 U 7.71 0.315 10,11
    Burkina Faso Ouagadougou, Saint Camille suburb 12.36 -1.52 U 5.58 0.197 10,11
    Burkina Faso Ouagadougou, Saint Léon suburb 12.37 -1.52 U 0.00 0.029 10,11
    Burkina Faso Pabré 12.50 -1.58 PU 113.00 0.771 10,11
    Burkina Faso Zagtouli 12.33 -1.63 U 82.00 0.569 10,11
    Burkina Faso Karangasso 11.22 -4.63 R2 262.80 0.626 12
    Burkina Faso Baré 11.08 -4.10 R1 91.24 NA 5
    Burkina Faso Bobo-Dioulasso 11.20 -4.30 R1 3.10 NA 7,8
    Burkina Faso Bobo-Dioulasso, Colma-Nord quarter 11.21 -4.30 R1 4.60 0.530 9
    Burkina Faso Bobo-Dioulasso, Diaradougou quarter 11.18 -4.29 R1 0.14 0.220 9
    Burkina Faso Bobo-Dioulasso, Dioulassoba quarter 11.19 -4.30 R1 0.55 0.170 9
    Burkina Faso Desso 11.35 -4.28 R2 208.04 NA 5
    Burkina Faso Karangasso, Koko suburb 11.22 -4.65 R2 223.80 0.540 13
    Burkina Faso Karangasso, Massasso suburb 11.21 -4.64 R2 403.30 NA 13
    Burkina Faso Kongodjan 11.58 -4.45 R2 133.00 0.466 14
    Burkina Faso Koro 11.15 -4.20 R1 171.55 NA 5
    Burkina Faso Soumosso 11.02 -4.05 R2 200.75 NA 5
    Burkina Faso Tago 11.67 -4.38 R2 82.00 0.471 15
    Burkina Faso Toukoro 11.43 -4.25 R2 76.65 NA 5
    Burkina Faso VK1 11.35 -4.41 R2 0.00 NA 5
    Burkina Faso VK2 11.37 -4.41 R2 21.90 NA 5
    Burkina Faso VK3 11.38 -4.41 R2 62.10 NA 5
    Burkina Faso VK4 11.37 -4.42 R2 41.67 NA 5,14,16
    Burkina Faso VK5 11.38 -4.43 R2 36.50 NA 5
    Burkina Faso VK6 11.37 -4.44 R2 57.40 NA 5,14
    Burundi Gasange -4.32 29.60 R1 267.00 NA 17
    Burundi Gihanga Mulira -3.19 29.29 R1 103.20 NA 18
    Burundi Gisenga -4.44 29.67 R1 251.70 NA 17
    Burundi Kazirabageni -4.23 29.63 R1 35.40 NA 17
    Burundi Mugere -4.37 29.66 R1 600.90 NA 17
    Cameroon Ebogo 3.40 11.47 R2 355.00 NA 19
    Cameroon Nditam 5.36 11.26 R2 82.10 NA 26
    Cameroon Ebolakounou 3.93 12.13 R2 17.70 0.615 20
    Cameroon Edea 3.80 10.13 R2 17.00 NA 21
    Cameroon Mutengene, Molyko, Likoko, Vasingi 4.08 9.30 R1 161.00 0.710 25
    Cameroon Etoa 3.77 11.47 R2 511.00 0.568 22
    Cameroon Koundou 3.90 12.12 R2 176.10 0.690 20
    Cameroon Mbébé 4.15 11.00 R2 191.05 0.720 23,24
    Cameroon Nsimalen, Ekoko 3.82 12.12 R2 106.00 NA 27
    Cameroon Nsimalen, Nkol Mefou 3.70 11.57 R2 68.00 NA 27
    Cameroon Simbock, block 6 3.83 11.50 R1 322.35 NA 28
    Cameroon Simbok 3.82 11.47 R1 565.75 0.616 22
    Cameroon Yaoundé, Essos suburb 3.00 11.00 R2 13.00 NA 29,
    Cameroon Yaoundé, Obili district 3.87 11.52 U 3.00 0.473 29,30
    Congo Brazzaville -4.26 15.28 R1 22.50 0.660 31
    Congo Kulila -4.17 12.43 R2 397.90 0.888 32
    Congo Linzolo -4.41 15.11 R1 246.00 0.875 33
    Congo Makaba -4.14 12.38 R2 80.00 0.730 32
    Congo (D.R.) Kinshasa, Kimbangu 3 -4.35 15.31 U 29.20 NA 34
    Congo (D.R.) Kinshasa, Kwamuthu -4.46 15.27 R2 452.60 NA 34
    Congo (D.R.) Kinshasa, rural area -4.47 15.31 PU 620.50 NA 35
    Congo (D.R.) Kinshasa, semi-rural area -4.37 15.42 U 30.66 NA 35
    Congo (D.R.) Kinshasa, urban area -4.32 15.32 U 2.86 NA 35
    Congo (D.R.) Mbansalé -4.26 15.64 R2 250.18 0.684 36
    Côte d'Ivoire Alloukoukro 7.80 -5.08 PU 231.50 NA 37
    Côte d'Ivoire Zaipobly and Gahably 5.95 -7.45 R2 397.85 0.714 38
    Egypt Abheet 29.42 30.83 U 1.80 NA 39
    Egypt El Zawya 29.42 30.85 U 0.00 NA 39
    Equatorial Guinea Magdalena Mora 3.73 8.80 R1 598.14 NA 40
    Equatorial Guinea Riaba 3.39 8.76 R2 1030.39 NA 40
    Eritrea Adibosqual 15.88 38.90 R2 5.40 NA 41
    Eritrea Dasse 15.01 37.50 R2 7.95 NA 41
    Eritrea Gahtelay 15.61 39.20 R2 0.00 NA 41
    Eritrea Ghinda 15.52 39.13 R2 0.00 NA 41
    Eritrea Hagaz 15.93 38.48 R2 0.90 NA 41
    Eritrea Hiletsidi 15.12 36.68 R2 70.60 NA 41
    Eritrea Maiaini 14.94 39.30 R2 32.05 NA 41
    Eritrea Shekaeyamo 14.81 39.08 R2 0.00 NA 41
    Gabon Bellevue -0.63 10.37 R2 53.00 NA 42
    Gabon Benguia -1.63 13.44 R2 317.75 NA 43,44
    Gabon Dienga -1.87 12.68 R2 114.00 NA 44
    Gabon Franceville, Akou suburb -1.63 13.45 R2 81.80 NA 43
    Gabon Lambarene, HAS -0.68 10.22 R2 23.00 NA 42
    Gabon Tchad -0.93 10.43 R2 61.00 NA 42
    Gambia Bakau 13.48 -16.68 U 0.27 0.020 45
    Gambia Barokunda 13.65 -15.32 R2 110.00 NA 46
    Gambia Biran Giddo Ya 13.59 -15.85 R1 11.00 NA 47
    Gambia Bwiam 13.23 -16.09 R2 0.92 0.395 48
    Gambia Dasilami 13.48 -15.23 R2 15.00 NA 46
    Gambia Dongoro Ba 13.38 -15.28 R2 80.00 NA 46
    Gambia Jahally 13.55 -14.97 R2 4.17 0.342 48
    Gambia Jalangbereh 13.38 -15.40 R2 70.00 NA 46
    Gambia Jessadi 13.63 -15.30 R2 64.00 NA 46
    Gambia Katamina 13.55 -15.28 R2 4.00 NA 46
    Gambia Kerewan 13.49 -16.09 R1 0.44 0.287 48
    Gambia Madina 13.52 -15.25 R2 177.00 NA 46
    Gambia Male Kunda 13.55 -15.30 R2 70.00 NA 46
    Gambia Niawodurulung 13.46 -15.22 R2 0.00 NA 46
    Gambia Pakali Ba 13.50 -15.25 R2 99.00 NA 46
    Gambia Salikene 13.48 -15.97 R2 1.94 0.287 48
    Gambia Saruja 13.55 -14.90 R2 5.00 0.342 48
    Gambia Sibanor 13.21 -16.20 R2 3.24 0.395 48
    Gambia Sitahuma 13.43 -15.40 R2 75.00 NA 46
    Gambia Turan 13.58 -15.72 R2 23.80 NA 47
    Gambia Wellingara Ba 13.41 -15.26 R2 34.00 NA 46
    Gambia Dasilami a 13.41 -14.27 R2 1.21 0.573 48
    Gambia Sutukoba 13.50 -14.02 R2 0.99 0.573 48
    Gambia Kulari 13.40 -14.08 R1 7.75 0.712 48
    Gambia Sare Alpha 13.37 -13.98 R1 11.15 0.712 48
    Ghana Kassena Nankana District 10.76 -1.44 R2 418.00 0.584 49,50
    Kenya Ahero -0.16 34.54 PU 416.00 NA 51
    Kenya Amani -4.12 39.29 R2 119.72 0.730 52
    Kenya Barani -3.93 39.79 U 13.51 0.650 52
    Kenya Chasimba -3.73 39.71 PU 0.00 0.390 52
    Kenya Dabaso -3.34 40.00 PU 0.73 0.380 52
    Kenya Dindiri -3.79 39.74 PU 52.93 0.610 52
    Kenya Dumbule -4.12 39.37 R2 29.20 0.820 52
    Kenya Fumbini -3.61 39.84 PU 2.71 0.503 53
    Kenya Garithe -3.03 40.17 PU 21.54 0.790 52
    Kenya Gazi -4.42 39.50 R1 6.94 0.600 52
    Kenya Jaribuni -3.62 39.74 R2 35.41 0.540 52
    Kenya Kagombani -3.11 40.15 R1 24.82 0.720 52
    Kenya Kambi ya Wari -3.52 39.84 PU 4.62 0.495 53
    Kenya Kaoyeni -3.46 39.90 R1 1.50 0.462 53
    Kenya Karima -0.69 37.32 PU 17.69 0.450 54
    Kenya Kenyawegi -0.92 34.67 PU 259.90 0.639 55
    Kenya Kibarani -3.58 39.85 PU 14.23 0.526 53
    Kenya Kilifi town -3.62 39.85 PU 1.50 0.171 52
    Kenya Kisian -0.07 34.67 PU 299.30 0.757 56
    Kenya Kitengwani -3.52 39.77 R2 0.00 0.700 52
    Kenya Kitsoeni -3.70 39.73 R1 21.90 0.690 52
    Kenya Loboi swamp 0.36 36.06 R2 23.40 NA 57
    Kenya Magaoni -4.38 39.47 R2 63.15 0.640 52
    Kenya Majajani -3.66 39.79 R1 35.04 0.750 52
    Kenya Majenjeni -3.14 40.14 R1 40.88 0.580 52
    Kenya Masheheni -3.13 40.11 R1 39.06 0.660 52
    Kenya Maziwani -3.21 40.07 PU 14.60 0.480 52
    Kenya Mbarak Chembe -3.29 40.08 PU 1.83 0.590 52
    Kenya Mijomboni -3.26 40.01 R1 10.59 0.630 52
    Kenya Mikingirini -3.56 39.87 PU 0.00 0.503 53
    Kenya Miwani -0.59 35.01 PU 91.00 NA 51
    Kenya Mjanaheri -3.07 40.14 R1 16.79 0.490 52
    Kenya Moyeni -4.14 39.39 R2 14.97 0.780 52
    Kenya Mtepeni -3.91 39.73 PU 33.22 0.830 52
    Kenya Mtondia -3.57 39.90 R1 30.95 0.672 53
    Kenya Mukombe -3.52 39.86 PU 3.68 0.514 53
    Kenya Mumias 0.18 34.49 PU 46.70 0.497 58
    Kenya Mwaroni -4.27 39.58 PU 5.00 0.500 52
    Kenya Paziani -3.18 39.98 R1 7.67 0.720 52
    Kenya Perkerra irrigation scheme 0.47 35.97 R2 16.40 NA 57
    Kenya Saradidi -0.12 34.38 PU 237.25 0.947 56,59
    Kenya Shariani -3.80 39.82 R1 1.10 0.540 52
    Kenya Sokoke -3.53 39.82 PU 8.00 0.446 52
    Kenya Takaungu -3.70 39.86 PU 0.00 0.520 52
    Kenya Tsuini -4.61 39.16 R1 41.61 0.670 52
    Kenya Ufuoni -3.46 39.93 PU 0.66 0.455 53
    Kenya Vinuni -4.21 39.55 PU 27.35 0.660 52
    Kenya Vuga -4.19 39.50 R1 9.13 0.440 52
    Kenya Ziwani -4.15 39.45 R1 3.65 0.590 52
    Kenya Zowerani -3.51 39.92 R1 0.66 0.558 53
    Liberia Yekepa 7.58 -8.53 R2 0.00 0.130 60
    Liberia Yekepa, close (<3 km) 7.56 -8.55 R2 3.65 0.220 60
    Liberia Yekepa, far (>15 km) -99.0 -99.0 R2 62.05 0.920 60
    Liberia Yekepa, middle (5-15 km) 7.58 -8.63 R2 21.90 0.680 60
    Madagascar Ambodifotatra, Lonkintsy -16.98 49.86 R1 92.00 0.658 61
    Madagascar Androvasoa -24.77 45.58 R2 0.40 NA 62
    Madagascar Esana -24.98 46.89 R2 41.00 NA 62
    Madagascar Manarintsoa -18.92 47.42 PU 0.91 0.334 63
    Madagascar Pépiniére -24.97 46.40 R2 63.00 NA 62
    Mali Bamako, Sotuba suburb 12.65 -7.93 R2 3.59 NA 64
    Mozambique Matola -25.95 32.45 U 52.85 0.436 65
    Nigeria Lagos, Lemu suburb 6.47 3.37 U 48.00 NA 66
    Senegal Barkedji 15.28 -14.87 R2 114.00 NA 69
    Senegal Boké Diallobé 16.07 -14.00 R2 0.80 NA 67
    Senegal Dakar, District Centre 14.70 -17.44 U 0.05 0.051 70
    Senegal Dakar, District South 14.76 -17.44 U 0.10 0.024 70
    Senegal Dakar, Grande Niaye Mrash 14.75 -17.42 U 0.12 0.042 71
    Senegal Dielmo 13.72 -16.42 R2 186.50 0.825 72
    Senegal Ndiop 13.75 -16.42 R2 31.00 NA 76
    Senegal Niayes 14.95 -17.05 R1 1.28 0.100 77
    Senegal Pikine 14.75 -17.40 U 14.05 NA 78
    Senegal Pout region 14.77 -17.07 PU 0.00 NA 79
    Senegal Diohine 14.48 -16.51 R1 12.00 0.650 73
    Senegal Kotiokh 14.48 -16.58 R1 26.50 0.560 75
    Senegal Ngayokhème 14.53 -16.43 R1 8.80 0.560 75
    Senegal Aéré Lao 16.40 -14.32 R2 6.40 NA 67
    Senegal Kassak-Nord 16.40 -16.03 R2 0.00 0.010 74
    Senegal Maka-Diama 16.20 -16.40 R2 0.00 0.010 74
    Senegal Takème and Ousseuk 12.80 -16.20 R2 36.00 NA 68
    Senegal Affiniam, Diagobel, Tendimane 12.70 -16.30 R2 37.50 NA 68
    Sierra Leone Baoma 8.04 -11.73 R1 84.76 NA Unpublished observations
    Sierra Leone Bayama 8.00 -11.77 R1 845.64 NA 80,81
    Sierra Leone Dandabu 8.15 -11.64 R2 81.14 NA Unpublished observations
    Sierra Leone Gumahun 8.18 -11.50 R2 21.90 NA 82
    Sierra Leone Jaiama 8.16 -11.69 R2 226.90 NA Unpublished observations
    Sierra Leone Konjodorma 8.15 -11.50 R2 65.70 NA 82
    Sierra Leone Kpetema 8.13 -11.50 R2 240.90 NA 82
    Sierra Leone Manjama 8.02 -11.74 R1 283.70 NA Unpublished observations
    Sierra Leone Mendewa 8.16 -11.48 R2 21.90 0.569 83,84
    Sierra Leone Nengbema 8.13 -11.68 R2 21.54 0.624 83,84
    Sierra Leone Ngalu 8.11 -11.56 R2 80.30 NA 82
    Sierra Leone Njala Komboya 8.20 -11.54 R2 26.65 0.568 83,84
    Sierra Leone Nyandeyama 8.12 -11.66 R2 36.50 0.663 83,84
    Sierra Leone Tondoya 8.13 -11.64 R2 142.35 NA 82
    Sudan Asar 13.75 35.25 R2 0.59 0.016 85
    Tanzania (U.R.) Bagamoyo -5.07 38.44 R2 1.80 0.530 86
    Tanzania (U.R.) Balangai -4.93 38.46 R2 0.08 0.260 86
    Tanzania (U.R.) Chasimba -6.58 38.82 R2 217.70 0.859 87
    Tanzania (U.R.) Highland, Muheza -99.00 -999.00 R2 34.00 0.535 88
    Tanzania (U.R.) Idete -8.10 36.48 R2 584.00 0.831 89
    Tanzania (U.R.) Ifakara -8.13 36.68 R2 30.70 NA 90
    Tanzania (U.R.) Kaole -6.47 38.95 R2 124.30 NA 91
    Tanzania (U.R.) Kasiga -4.82 38.23 R2 620.50 0.752 92
    Tanzania (U.R.) Kerege -6.57 39.03 R2 271.60 0.875 87
    Tanzania (U.R.) Kikwawila -8.08 36.75 R2 283.88 NA 93
    Tanzania (U.R.) Kikwazu -5.00 38.82 R2 667.43 0.818 92
    Tanzania (U.R.) Kongo -6.53 38.83 R2 576.70 0.882 87
    Tanzania (U.R.) Kumbamtoni -5.26 38.81 R2 419.75 0.771 92
    Tanzania (U.R.) Kwameta -5.11 38.49 R2 91.00 0.815 86
    Tanzania (U.R.) Kwamhanya -5.06 38.46 R2 1.70 0.660 86
    Tanzania (U.R.) Lowland, Muheza -99.00 -999.00 R2 405.00 0.818 88
    Tanzania (U.R.) Magundi -5.09 38.47 R2 9.70 0.640 86
    Tanzania (U.R.) Mapinga -6.60 39.07 R2 235.60 0.746 87
    Tanzania (U.R.) Matimbwa -6.50 38.87 R2 702.60 0.745 87
    Tanzania (U.R.) Michenga -8.12 36.63 R2 547.50 0.830 94,95
    Tanzania (U.R.) Milungui -4.76 38.36 R1 0.03 0.118 86
    Tanzania (U.R.) Muheza (near) -5.22 38.80 R2 379.60 0.942 96
    Tanzania (U.R.) Namawala -8.15 36.40 R2 329.00 0.850 95
    Tanzania (U.R.) Umba -5.17 38.87 R2 565.75 NA 97
    Tanzania (U.R.) Yombo -6.57 38.85 R2 220.60 0.927 87
    Tanzania (U.R.) Zinga -6.52 38.98 R2 93.70 0.872 87

    Tab.: Twenty-five years of annual Plasmodium falciparum EIR and PR surveys in Africa (1980-2004) provided by Hay et al. (2005a).
    Hay, S . I., C. A. Guerra, A. J. Tatem, P. M. Atkinson, and R. W. Snow, 2005a: Urbanization, malaria transmission and disease burden in Africa. Nature reviews. Microbiology, 3, 81-90.

    Abbreviations

    Countrycountry of the study site
    Sitestudy site
    Latitudelatitude [°N], -99.00: unknown position
    Longitudelongitude [°E], -999.00: unknown position
    Land-usePU=peri-urban (population densities of 250-1,000 persons per km2), R1=rural 1 (population densities of 100-250 persons per km2), R2=rural 2 (population densities of < 100 persons per km2), U=urban (population densities of > 1,000 persons per km2)
    APfEIRannual Plasmodium falciparum entomological inoculation rate
    PRparasite prevalence ratio
    Refsnumbered references, cp. supplementary information table S2 in Hay et al. (2005a)
    NA refers to data that were not available